DataGuard

主库要运行在归档模式下
SQL> archive log list

主库要打开force logging（主库要禁止nologging）
SQL> select force_logging from v$database;
alter database force logging;

修改主库的归档参数
SQL> select database_role from v$database;
SQL> show parameter db_unique_name
alter system set log_archive_dest_1='location=/home/oracle/arc_db01_dest1/ valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=db01';

打开主库的远程归档
alter system set log_archive_dest_2='service=连接从库的服务命名 valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=aux1';

alter system set log_archive_dest_2='service=aux1srv valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=aux1';

打开主库的dataguard开关
alter system set log_archive_config='dg_config=(主库的唯一名,从库的唯一名,从库的唯一名...)';
alter system set log_archive_config='dg_config=(db01,aux1)';

主库要配置服务命名，连接从库
vi $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
------------------------------------------------------------------
aux1srv =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.25.0.11)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = aux1)
    )
  )
------------------------------------------------------------------

在主库为从库拷贝口令文件：从库sys的口令必须和主库一样
scp $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwdb01 oracle@172.25.0.11:$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwaux1

为从库准备参数文件：用主库的参数文件修改
SQL> create pfile='/home/oracle/1.ora' from spfile;

修改注意事项：db_name必须一样，db_unique_name必须不一样

vi /home/oracle/1.ora
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/aux1/adump'
*.compatible='11.2.0.4.0'
*.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/aux1/control01.ctl'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_name='db01'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=4385144832
*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=db01XDB)'
*.log_archive_config='dg_config=(db01,aux1)'
*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/home/oracle/arc_aux1_dest1/ valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=aux1'
*.log_archive_dest_2='service=db01srv valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=db01'
*.memory_target=842006528
*.open_cursors=300
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
db_unique_name=aux1
standby_file_management=auto
log_archive_dest_3='location=/home/oracle/arc_aux1_dest3/ valid_for=(standby_logfiles,standby_role) db_unique_name=aux1'
db_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/db01/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/aux1/'
log_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/db01/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/aux1/'
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

创建相关目录
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/aux1/adump
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/aux1/
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area
mkdir -p /home/oracle/arc_aux1_dest1/
mkdir -p /home/oracle/arc_aux1_dest3/

创建spfile，启动实例到nomount
export ORACLE_SID=aux1
sqlplus / as sysdba
create spfile from pfile;
startup nomount

在从库配置监听程序
vi $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/listener.ora
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (GLOBAL_DBNAME = aux1)
      (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1)
      (SID_NAME = aux1)
    )
  )

LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.25.0.11)(PORT = 1521))
    )
  )
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

在主库测试，使用网络连接从库
sqlplus sys/oracle@aux1srv as sysdba

在主库启动rman,复制从库
rman target / auxiliary sys/oracle@aux1srv
RMAN> duplicate target database for standby from active database;

为从库增加standby log：standby log和主库的online log必须一样到小
SQL> alter database add standby logfile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/aux1/redo04.log' size 52428800;
SQL> alter database add standby logfile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/aux1/redo05.log' size 52428800;
SQL> alter database add standby logfile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/aux1/redo06.log' size 52428800;

打开从库
SQL> alter database open;

恢复从库：
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;

停止恢复进程：
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database cancel;

再打开从库
SQL> alter database open;

测试数据同步：
在主库切换日志
select * from v$log;
alter system switch logfile;

在从库查看最新的日志是否被归档
show parameter dest_3
ls -l /home/oracle/arc_aux1_dest3/

在从库启动实时恢复进程
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;

在主库做数据修改，commit之后到从库看数据状态
update scott.emp set sal=sal+1;
commit;
SQL> select sal from scott.emp;